1Graduate Teaching Assistant
Department of Mathematics
Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, NIGERIA
Email: [email protected]
2Department of Mathematics
Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, NIGERIA
Email: [email protected]
Page Number: 139-151
A single numerical model as integrator of initial value problems of multi-order (1st, 2nd and 3rd) ordinary
differential equations is introduced. Utilizing Chebyshev polynomials as the trial function, the method is
formulated firstly, by obtaining the continuous form of the proposed scheme via collocation technique
and later, arrange in a block-by-block manner as numerical integrator of multi-order ODEs. The
convergence properties are investigated and it’s established that the proposed method is convergent. A
comparison of the problems solved with the new method and existing methods shows that the new
method outperformed better than existing methods in terms of accuracy.
keywords: Block-Method, Consistency, Convergence, Initial Value Problems, Zero-Stability
Gross Domestic Product GDP of any given country must also be one of the most difficult measures to
predict due to its complexity while modelling. However, this study employed the used of
Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model for Nigerian GDP 1960 to 2020 data
obtained in World Bank database. In the study we found that first difference is insignificant, therefore,
we alternatively used a log of the first difference and hence discovered that it is the most suitable
model as compare with second difference, where ARIMA (2,1,2) was found with lowest information
criteria under parameters estimate. The choosing model was used to forecast the Nigerian GDP using
both in sample and out sample prediction method, where 80% of the data was used for training and
yield an interesting good performing result with 94.41% accuracy while 20% of the data was
presented for testing model (2,1,2) and forecasting
keywords: GDP, ARIMA, forecasting, Akaike Infromation (AIC), Hannan-Quinn (HQ) and Schwarz
(SC)
Department of Statistics,
Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria
Email: [email protected]
Page Number: 169-203
This study focuses on the quality of age and sex data in the 774 local government areas of Nigeria (except
Kaura LGA, not published) using the 2006 census. The results indicate that all of the LGAs had very
poor-quality age and sex data. The North-West state of Sokoto had the worst United Nations Joint Score
(96.95), while Edo State in the South-South had the least Joint Score (22.81) among the states, indicating
a better quality of data. Ukwuani LGA produced the best JS of 22.79, while Abadam LGA in the North-East state of Borno generated the worst JS of 162.54. The northern region of Nigeria is home to 330
(82.3%) of the 401 LGAs classified as grossly inaccurate based on the Joint Scores. Similarly, 50 out of
the 60 LGAs with a UN JS above 100 are in the Northern Region. The notion that the Northern Region of
Nigeria is larger than the Southern Region in population size may be a product of massive misreporting
and random allocation of ages during the 2006 population census, as clearly seen in the NW and NE
zones of Nigeria. Education of the populace, training and proper emoluments of enumerators and
supervisors, punishment of census offenders, and digitization of the census process are recommended in
the forthcoming census in Nigeria.
keywords: Census, Joint Score, age and sex data, Local Government Area, Nigeria
Identifying the socio-economic factors associated with the supply and the demand of health facilities
(HF), can contribute to the decision-making of the creation of the HF. This study aims to contribute to
this issue, in the competitive context of the tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment centres (DTC), and to
describe the spatial distribution of the residence of TB patients and DTC, to understand the DTC
attendance’ rate in the city of Douala, Cameroon.The Spatial analysis was performed to access the
spatial-economic model hiding behind the distribution of the “observed” number of patients attending
the DTCs compared to the “expected” number. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression and the
analysis of variance were used to identify the factors associated to the demand and supply of DTCs
respectively.The decentralization policy advocated by the national program against tuberculosis
(NTP) is not always followed by the patients: The “expected” and the “observed” number of patients
in DTCs are not correlated. The attendance of DTCs in Douala is in accordance with the spatial-economic theory models of Salop and Hotelling, which is an artefact. Patients seeking treatment in
DTCs closer to their residence are mainly women and patients from relative poor households, while
attendance of DTC was associated with the quality of service and the level of the HF.Attendance HF
is dictated by the spatial-economic theory models. The policy of creating HF for TB is not followed
by patients in competitive context. Attendance of HF by TB patients is associated with socioeconomic
factors;
keywords: health services; health economic; health policy; spatial analysis; tuberculosis
An edge magic total labeling of a graph G(p,q) is said to be an Odd edge magic total labeling
if 𝜆(𝐸) = {1,3, … 2𝑞 − 1} with the condition that for each edge 𝑢𝑣 𝜖 𝐸, 𝜆(𝑢) + 𝜆(𝑢𝑣) + 𝜆(𝑣) = 𝑘𝑒
,where 𝑘𝑒
is known as the magic constant. In this paper we resolute cycles of odd length, disjoint
union of 𝐶3 ∪ 𝐶4𝑟+2 (𝑟 ≥ 1), disjoint union of 𝐶4 ∪ 𝐶4𝑟−1 (𝑟 > 1),disjoint union of 𝐶3 ∪ 𝐶4𝑟 (𝑟 >
1), disjoint union of 𝐶4 ∪ 𝐶4𝑟−3 (𝑟 > 1) are Odd edge magic graphs.
keywords: Labeling, Edge magic total labeling, Odd edge magic total labeling, Odd edge magic
graphs.
This paper investigates the effects of using manipulatives on the performance of pupils in primary school
mathematics. The study followed a quasi-experimental research design involving two equivalent groups:
the control group and an experimental group each comprising 40 pupils. Pretest-Posttest Mathematics
Achievement Tests (PPMAT) were developed for this study. The instruments were pilot-tested and a
reliability coefficient of 0.79 was obtained. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS. Teaching must
be interactive, illustrative, exploratory, and student-centered. In monolingual cultures, English becomes
the progressive language of teaching in the fourth year, whereas in the first three years, education is
conducted in the language of the immediate area. Children are active learners who grasp concepts by
moving through three stages of knowledge: concrete, representational, and abstract, according to the
learning theory of psychologist Jean Piaget. The results of this study imply that manipulatives have
positive effects on the performance of pupils in mathematics. It is recommended that manipulatives
should be used as much as possible to better the mathematics performance of pupils in primary school.
This points to the fact that conceptual knowledge founded in a direct relationship of the mathematical
process with necessary manipulatives is essential to build appropriate hands-on experiences to apply
learning to new contexts. Students are taking the essential first steps toward developing an understanding
and internalizing mathematical processes and procedures when they manipulate objects themselves. The
use of manipulatives enables pupils to explore the mathematics process at the concrete level of
understanding through representational and finally to the abstract level.
keywords: Mathematics, Primary, Pupils, Performance, Manipulatives.
Students learn in a variety of ways, with some lecturing, others demonstrating/discussing, and some
emphasizing principles while others emphasizing applications. As a result, the level of knowledge and
prior preparation of a student’s learning style is affected. Anti-derivative function is used in a variety
of fields, including applied problems in several disciplines. Differentiated instruction is one of the
most significant ways for anti-derivative teaching because it encourages teachers to make proactive
changes to curricula, teaching methods, resources, and learning activities in order to optimize learning
opportunities in the classroom. This study used a quasi-experimental design in which the population
was made up of all ND II students taking Calculus for Science (STP 213), and 100 students were
randomly sampled. The research instruments were self-developed pre-test and post-test which
are validated by experts. The instruments were pilot tested and were found reliable using Cronbach’s
alpha (𝛼 = 0.79). Mean, SD, and t-test were used to statistically analyze the results. The finding
shows that differentiated instruction can increase polytechnic students’ understanding of integral
calculus concepts. In addition, it was observed that gender has a substantial impact on polytechnic
students’ post-test performance.
keywords: Polytechnic students, integration, differentiated instruction, quasi experiment
Nowadays the whole world is upgrading with different innovative technologies. We need to
resist any attack during data transfer over insecure networks. Random nature & sensitivity to
initial conditions in dynamical maps are highly useful to secure cryptography algorithms. In
this paper, structure of different chaotic maps have been reviewed, basis of chaos-based
image encryption has mentioned. Finally a new encryption scheme has been proposed using
tent & logistic map. Performance analysis of proposed scheme has been discussed. Different
coupling of chaotic maps, aspects of elliptical curve can be considered for compressed image,
video or audio encryption as future work.
keywords: Nonlinear Dynamics, Chaos, Encryption, Tent map
1Bachelor In Computer Science
Abacus Institute Of Engineering And Management
Hooghly,West Bengal,India
Email: [email protected]
2Department of Computational Science
Brainware University
Barasat,West Bengal,India
Email:[email protected]
3Department of Science and Humanities
Abacus Institute of Engineering & Management
Hooghly, West Bengal,India
Email:[email protected]
Page Number: 250-264
The main aim of this paper is to introduce the definition of intuitionistic fuzzy set and operations on it that
will prove fruitful to conclude to a solution on problems of real life and how fuzzy logic and Graphics
Processing unit can be used together to solve different domain problems for faster responses. Various
comprehensive survey of Type-2 fuzzy set and the intuitionistic fuzzy set theories have been described here.
IFS is nothing but a simple extension of the fuzzy set defined in the domain of discourse. Graphics
Processing Unit (GPU) has been used to enhance the speed of execution. The intuitionistic fuzzy set is
utilized as a proper element for representing the degree of hesitation concerning both the non-membership
and membership degrees of an element of a set. Recent trends show how GPU is used for various
computational applications that are run parallel to reduce overall execution time. Both the fuzzy domains
seek application in tackling of the situation of vagueness with their respective characteristic feature sets to
the fields concerned to different engineering domains of interdisciplines. This paper highlights the
overview of the two eminent fuzzy categories like Fuzzy type 2 and intuitionistic fuzzy theory along with
their application on greater scale.
keywords: Intuitionistic, discourse, Type-2 Fuzzy, Ituitionistic fuzzy, CPU, GPU
