Alazhar University-Gaza (AUG), Palestine
† Sabbatical leave at Stellenbosch University, South Africa
Email: [email protected]
Page Number: 401-415
The main aim of this contribution is to present an alternative approach for interpolation and
function approximation from a given data. Instead of the traditional interpolation methods we
consider and propose a numerical procedure for interpolation using the concept of fuzzy logic
and membership functions. The method can be used for interpolating data resulting from
physical experiments, engineering, medicine, applied sciences etc. Fuzzification will be
applied to the given data according to Mamdani technique and membership functions will be
chosen to satisfy the interpolation mathematical condition. The defuzzification process will be
implemented to get the crisp values of the interpolation. The procedure will be implemented on
the mathematical code MATLAB and its Simulink fuzzy logic features. Finally the
applicability and efficiency of the procedure is illustrated by numerical examples.
Keywords:Fuzzy sets, Fuzzy logic, Fuzzy Controller System (FCS), Crisp sets Crisp logic,
Membership functions, interpolation.
The paper examined univariate time series forecast of consumer price index on the consumption of food
and nonalcoholic beverages in Nigeria. It filled the knowledge gap by explicitly modeling and
forecasting consumer price index in Nigeria using the univariate ARIMA model. The work was
restricted to Nigerian Consumer Price Index. It was also restricted to food consumption (FC) data and
food & nonalcoholic beverages consumption (FNBC) data from 1995-2021. This paper analyses were
carried out using gretl 2019c, Minitab 16 and Micro software Excel (2010). The monthly and yearly
means plots were done, so as to have a better understanding of the series behaviours. The series plots
points to the fact that there is possibility that the time series are integrated of order 1 for food
consumption series with no seasonality, while integrated of order 1 for food & nonalcoholic beverages
consumption series with seasonality of order 12. Stationarity after second difference of the first
differencing was obtained for both series. A suitable ARIMA Model was obtained for both series and
was used for models forecast computation. Hence, the computed result suggested that ARIMA(0,1,1)
and ARIMA(0,1,1)(0,0,0)12 model were the best model for estimating and forecasting the two time
series, using model selection criteria and accuracy measures. The plots of the forecasts generated for
the FC and FNBC shows that the two variables are dependent and also shows that any gradual increase
in the food consumption tends to pave way for increase in the food & nonalcoholic beverages
consumption or a drastic drop in the food consumption will also drop the food & nonalcoholic beverages
consumption in the same manner. It seems reasonable to conclude that there is significant relationship
between the food consumption and food & nonalcoholic beverages consumption series. It was
recommended that more detailed work should be carried out in the area of co-integration analysis of the
two variables to enhance a better understanding and prediction distribution in Nigeria.
Keywords:Consumer Price Index; Time Series Analysis; Non-alcoholic Beverages; Food
Consumption; ARIMA Model
The paper examined students’ performance in six subjects from WAEC examination from
2018 to 2020 using multivariate analysis through Hotelling T2 distribution and paired t-test
statistics. Four objectives where formulated and used for this study. Based on the factors in
the objectives, relevant related literatures were reviewed. A secondary data extracted from the
WAEC results from the public senior secondary schools under study were used for this study
and the analyses of the data were done using Hotelling T2distribution, Quadratic form, and
paired t-test statistics. All computations were done via Microsoft Excel 2010, SPSS (version
23.0) and MINITAB (version 16.0). The Hotelling T2statistics results between the students’
academic performance for (2018 & 2019), (2019 & 2020) and (2018 & 2020) were all
significant. Paired t-test statistics results showed a decrease in the Students’ average
performance for four subjects (Mathematics, English Language, Marketing and Biology),
while an increase in the Students’ average performance for Economics and Civic Education
subjects. It was discovered that students’ average performances in Economics and Civic
Education subjects were better than other subjects. This research recommend the effective
implementation of the Nigeria education policies that emphasizes on teachers qualification,
years of teaching experience and the UNESCO policy on Teacher-Students ratio (this policy
stipulates that the maximum number of students that should be in a secondary class is 25),
since there is significant difference between students’ average performance for four subjects.
Keywords:Multivariate Analysis; Academic Performance; WASSCE; Hotelling T2 Distribution;
Paired t-test Statistics
Between 1981 and 2021, this research work looked at the test for equality of regression models
employing some service expenditures on the Nigerian GDP. This study has five particular objectives
that were created and used. Relevant related literatures were reviewed based on the factors in the
objectives. This study used secondary data acquired from the National Bureau of Statistics and the
Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin, which included 46 activity sectors. The data was analyzed
using multiple regression models. MINITAB 16 and Microsoft Excel 2010 were used for all
calculations. The series plot results for each service expenditures indicate an upward trend for the
whole plot, implying a linear link between expenditures and Nigeria's total GDP. To find the
significant parameters and test for model equality, the Durbin method of estimating a multiple
regression model was used; this revealed that all of the models' parameters estimates were not
significant at 5%, which appears biased. Model (1), the Military Government Period Model, was
found to be the "best" of the three regression models, with the highest R2 and Adj. R2 values of
99.8%, the smallest AIC and BIC values of 170.356 and 174.134, and the highest F-value of 4494.669
determined. According to the findings, the government should devote a smaller amount of its budget
to recurrent spending and focus more on capital spending, such as agriculture, education, and health,
as it is the primary driver of economic growth.
Keywords:Regression Analysis; Regression Model, Service Expenditures; Gross Domestic
Product; Modelling
In this resech paper we have discussed on two different types of discretization schmes for laplacian
operator which carries nine points stencil including two pair of lines symmeical and asymmetrical from
planned molecule.it is well organized and modicfied five point scheme which has been devloped on finite
difference method.FDM is a method which is being used for decretization of of PDES as well as ODES.In
this paper we will use two different types of scheme which are devloped by FDM on polar coordinate
system and in last we will discuss on error analysis,staibility and graphically behaviour of both scheme.
Keywords:Finite differences method
It will be shown that solve an equation two-dimensional Volterra nonlinear can be solved numerically
applying the techniques of inverse generalized moments problem in two steps writing the Volterra's
equation as a Klein-Gordon equation of the form 𝑤𝑡𝑡 − 𝑤𝑥𝑥 = 𝐻(𝑥, 𝑡), which 𝐻(𝑥, 𝑡) it is unknown. In a
first step, 𝐻(𝑥, 𝑡) is numerically approximate, and in a second step we numerically approximate the
solution of Klein-Gordon equation using the 𝐻(𝑥, 𝑡) previously approximated.The method is illustrated
with examples.
Keywords:Klein-Gordon, nonlinear Volterra integral equations, generalized moment problem, inverse
problem.
4Department of Computer Science
M.U.C. Women’s College, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
Email: [email protected],
Page Number: 541-551
The physical quality-of-life index (PQLI) is an attempt to measure the quality of life or well-being of a
country. The value is a single number derived from basic literacy rate, infant mortality, and life
expectancy at age one. Quality of life is an umbrella concept that refers to all aspects of a person's life,
including physical health; psychological well-being; social well-being; financial well-being; some
approaches to quality of life emphasizes the social and psychological aspects of life, and contrast quality
of life with quality of care. The growing attention to quality of life and the desire to minimize the negative
effects of disease and health care on this quality reflects the highest of public health aspirations. Adult
literacy has also risen from 46-70%. Developing world today is healthier, better fed and batter educated.
But program has been far from even. The no. of people living in poverty continues to grow. There is
almost no improvement IMR &. in education. In poor countries South Asia's IMR today are about the
lame in early 1970. So I think there exist some relation between socioeconomic conditions &.health
status. In a country, WHO has. listed these two indicators 1.Health Indicators and 2.Physical Quality of Life Indicator.
Among those here I want to consider only the following as social indicators:Y: 1. IMR
2. Adult illiteracy & X: 1. Public exp. on education. % GNP 2. Public expo on health % GDP.I have
taken a linear combination of expenditure on education % GNP (Y1) & expenditure on health % GDP
(Y2) as U to represent a economic ( welfare ) condition of a country against this I have taken a linear
combination of IMR per 1000 ( X1) and adult illiteracy % rate ( X2) as V to represent PQL of a country.
After using Canonical correlation I have reached a conclusion that the increase of expenditure on health
and education purpose implies decrease of IMR & illiteracy.In 1st Quadrant contains only Saudi Arabia
whose expenditure on health and education is high but illiteracy rate also high (exceptional one).And 2nd
Quadrant contains those countries whose expenditure on health and education is high illiteracy rate and
IMR is low. The 4th Quadrant contains those countries whose expenditure is lower and illiteracy rate is
higher comparatively. Here Iraq Pakisthan , Bangaledesh and Nepal lie.There is no country in 3rd quadrant
whose expenditure is less and illiteracy is also low. After concrete analysis and from the graph we can
rank the 14 Asian Countries according to their better Physical Quality of Life as follows:1. Japan 2. Korea
Republic 3. Mongolia 4. Malayasia 5. Srilanka 6. Viatnam 7. China 8. Iran 9. India 10. Iraq 11. Pakisthan
12. Bangaladesh 13. Nepal 14. Saudi Arabia
Keywords:Physical Quality of Life, Health Indicators, physical quality-of-life index, IMR, GNP,GDP.
1State Aided College Teacher,
Department of Mathematics, Gobardanga Hindu College, Gobardanga, P.O.-Khantura,
Dist- North 24 Parganas, West Bengal-743273, India Email:[email protected]
2Student in the B.Ed. Department of Kingston Teacher’s Training College,
Barasat, Dist. 24 Pgs. (N) Kol – 126, West Bengal, India. *Corresponding Author’s Email:[email protected]
Page Number: 552-563
The present study focused on the Technology Integration for Mathematics Education in a Developing
Countries. This paper classified the educational status between United Kingdom and Australian
educational context. The main objective of this study to find out the educational outcomes in
developing countries in present context. The methodology of the study is qualitative and quantitative
methods are applied. The study is a mixed type involving interpretative, analytical study of
documents, interview and study both primary & secondary sources, like books, university news,
expert opinion, articles, journals, thesis and websites, etc.
Keywords:Australian Education, Developing Countries, ICT, Mathematics Education, Technology
Integration, United Kingdom.
1Department of Physics,
Ignatius Ajuru University of Education Rumuolumeni,
Rivers State, Nigeria.
Email: [email protected]
2Department of Physics,
Ignatius Ajuru University of Education Rumuolumeni,
Rivers State, Nigeria.
Email: [email protected]
Page Number: 564-573
Dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) assembled on titanium dioxide (TiO2) synthesized with plant dye
extracted from dried Roselle plant pigments were fabricated. The dye extract and active layers were
characterized using a (UV 752) ultraviolet-visible-Near Infra-Red (UV-VIS-NI) spectrophotometer, at
the wavelength interval of 250 nm to 1100 nm, while the Tauc model was used to obtain the optical
band gap. The absorption coefficient and behaviour of the extinction coefficient was investigated. The
current and voltage features of the dye sensitized solar cell fabricated with the synthesized TiO2 Photoanode
were analysed. The optical band gap of the dye sensitized solar cells fabricated were 2.6eV,
2.8eV and 3.0 eV respectively, while the conversion efficiency of the dye sensitized solar cells was
1.34%, 1.32% and 2.9%.
Keywords:Titanium dioxide, optical properties, dye sensitized solar cell, band gap, Hibiscus
sabdariffa, absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient.
Department of Science Education,
River State University, Port Harcourt *Corresponding Author Email: [email protected]
Page Number: 574-590
The study investigated the effect of teaching geometry using mobile application instructional technique on
senior secondary students’ interest in Geometry in Bayelsa State. A quasi-experimental, non-equivalent
control group design was used in the study. All the 506 SS2 mathematics students in the three federal unity
schools formed the population of the study. One hundred and seventy nine (179) students from two schools
formed the sample of the study. Intact classes were assigned by flipping of coin to either experimental or
control group; and separately taught by their regular mathematics teachers who had earlier been trained for
the purpose. All the groups were pre and post-tested. Geometry Interest Inventory (GII) was used as
instruments for both the control and experimental groups. Three research questions and three hypotheses
guided the study. The mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while
Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used in testing the hypotheses at .05 levels of significance. The
result showed that the use of mobile application instructional technique as a medium of teaching improves
students’ interest in geometry. Also there was no significant effect between teaching method, gender and
choice of discipline on students’ interest in Geometry. The study recommended that the use of mobile
application should be integrated into the teaching and learning of mathematics generally.
Keywords:Mobile App Instructional Technique, Interest, Geometry
